When performed in jama'ah, worshippers line up in parallel rows behind a leader, known as the imam ("leader"). Salat can be performed either in solitude, or collectively (known as jama'ah). Ritual purity and wudu are prerequisites for performing the prayers. The number of rak'ahs, also known as units of prayer, varies from prayer to prayer. Salat is composed of prescribed repetitive cycles of bows and prostrations, called rakat ( sing. Facing the qibla, the direction of the Kaaba with respect to those praying, many to most Muslims pray first standing and later kneeling or sitting on the ground, reciting prescribed prayers and phrases from the Quran as they bow and prostrate themselves in between. 'prayer'), also known as namāz ( Persian: نماز), are prayers performed by Muslims. Salat ( Arabic: صَلَاة, plural salawat, romanized: Arabic pronunciation: or Old Arabic, ( or Old Arabic in construct state) lit.
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